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- <text id=94TT1668>
- <title>
- Nov. 28, 1994: Books:Parallel World
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Nov. 28, 1994 Star Trek
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ARTS & MEDIA/BOOKS, Page 87
- Parallel World
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> A first-rate novelist adapts Dostoyevsky's life too freely
- </p>
- <p>By John Skow
- </p>
- <p> Here's a brilliant, brooding novel, a literary work of the first
- class, built around a confounding falsification by the author
- that reduces the entire book to the level of a clever and nearly
- meaningless stunt. Find an explanation if you can.
- </p>
- <p> The situation in The Master of Petersburg (Viking; 250 pages;
- $21.95) is this: J.M. Coetzee, the South African novelist, has
- placed himself in the turbulent, ironic mind of Fyodor Dostoyevsky.
- It is 1869; the writer is 49, self-exiled in Dresden at mid-career,
- with Poor Folk and Crime and Punishment behind him and The Brothers
- Karamazov far in the future. He is a passionate, tormented idealist,
- still roiled by the Western liberal notions of social and political
- freedom that had swept the Russian intelligentsia a generation
- before. But the new, younger Russian intellectuals are not liberals;
- they are nihilists and anarchists, and Dostoyevsky is repelled
- and shaken. This ferment will result, two years later, in the
- towering "pamphlet-novel" variously called The Devils, The Possessed
- and (in a vigorous new translation by Richard Pevear and Larissa
- Volokhonsky) Demons--the demons being the indigestible Western
- ideas that were unsettling Russia.
- </p>
- <p> In Coetzee's darkly convincing narration, Dostoyevsky hears
- that his 21-year-old stepson Pavel Isaev, who has fallen in
- with nihilists in Petersburg, has been murdered, perhaps by
- the police or by his comrades. The writer travels to Petersburg,
- finds the rooming house where Pavel had lived and--guilt-haunted
- because he did not get along well with this difficult son of
- his dead first wife--moodily retraces the young man's last
- months. He tries to retrieve Pavel's papers from the police
- and is subjected to repeated, insinuating interrogations. He
- encounters a deadly, contemptuous young nihilist named Nechaev,
- who seems to live from child prostitution and who may have been
- Pavel's killer. Later, back in Pavel's rooming house, where
- he is staying, sleeping in Pavel's bed, wearing his stepson's
- unwashed clothes, Dostoyevsky begins to sketch the character
- who will be Nikolai Stavrogin, the world-hating, self-loathing
- young aristocrat who drives the action in Demons.
- </p>
- <p> So Coetzee sums things up. But there are some facts the typical
- reader may not know that he ought to: in real life Dostoyevsky
- did not travel to Petersburg in 1869; he remained in Dresden.
- His stepson Pavel was not murdered by nihilists or anyone else.
- A pest and a spendthrift, he tormented the author all his life,
- and a standard scene from biographies has Pavel being forcibly
- kept from Dostoyevsky's deathbed. Nechaev did exist, and Dostoyevsky
- did transform him into a character in Demons, but the student
- his gang murdered in a celebrated crime was one Ivan Ivanov.
- Coetzee could hardly help knowing this, but not a word of preface
- or footnote explains that historical truth has been meddled
- with.
- </p>
- <p> Was this phony central episode a justifiable aesthetic choice
- by Coetzee? Maybe; Dostoyevsky's wallowing guiltily in his murdered
- stepson's bed and then staggering off to write Demons is plausible,
- though facile. Does it cheat the reader? Only in part, by creating
- a distorted picture of one episode in the writer's life. But
- the matter leaves a bad taste. It's true that telling invented
- stories is what novelists do; but what of novels that are part
- history, that take their weight from the known stature of real
- people? Isn't the point to use fictional techniques to get the
- history right? If the novelist is fatally beguiled by some alternate
- reality, shouldn't he say so: "This is Dostoyevsky, but from
- a parallel universe in which Pavel got zapped by the bad guys"?
- As things are, Coetzee has demeaned his own novel, which (a
- Dostoyevskian ironist might observe) is a perversity worthy
- of Stavrogin.
- </p>
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-